Obesity disrupts bone metabolism and leads to increased bone resorption, but GLP-1RAs can inhibit this damage and improve bone health by increasing the OPG/RANKL ratio, reducing osteoclast activity, and promoting bone formation GLP-1RAs and muscle GLP-1RAs and Muscle Atrophy In previous experiments, exendin-4 (Ex-4) inhibited the expression of myostatin (MSTN), atrophy-factor F-box only protein 32 (atrogin-1) and muscle ring finger protein 1 (MuRF-1) in dexamethasone-treated C2C12 myotubes.376,377,378 In a dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy model, Ex-4 ameliorated muscle atrophy by inhibiting muscle atrophy factor and enhancing myogenic factors (MyoG and MyoD), thereby increasing muscle mass and function
Some athletes and recreational gym-goers have a hard time meeting their protein needs solely through whole foods
The risk factors for severe infection Covid-19 are in fact associated with a decrease or depletion of intracellular glutathione
Li, F., Gao, B., Dong, H., Shi, J
Fix: switch to a small volume of dilute acetic acid for acidic-tolerant peptides, then dilute to the final concentration once dissolved