Dogs eating complete and balanced diets typically dont need B12 supplements unless diagnosed with a deficiency
Relying solely on a single pathway limits a providers ability to treat complex metabolic resistance
The comparator groups differed among studies, with some employing placebo controls (e.g., PIONEER-6, Gerstein 2019), others using active comparators such as sitagliptin, glimepiride, DPP-4 inhibitors, or SGLT2 inhibitors, and some utilizing standard care or intensive lifestyle interventions as the control
Lilly has not yet submitted an NDA
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