Bariatric surgery is an example of such options since it provides a lifelong remedy to the problem of being overweight
The fundamental mechanism is the activation of phase II detoxification enzymes or antioxidase controlled by Nrf2/ARE, including the expression of NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 (NQO1), GPX, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) (Truong et al., 2014)
Strengths Multiple active compounds with complementary effects Good human evidence for glycemic benefit Relatively well tolerated Limitations Some GI discomfort or bloating Varying potency in commercial preparations American Ginseng Best for: Someone already using glucose-lowering therapy who wants a botanical adjunct, or someone wanting broader metabolic support (insulin, lipid, and inflammation modulation)
For example, the STEP 1 trial of once-weekly semaglutide (2.4 mg) in people without diabetes achieved a ~15% average body weight reduction over 68 weeks (source), with a mean baseline BMI of ~38 (source)
This is why GLP-1 receptor agonists were first used to help treat diabetes