Neurological symptoms often develop gradually and may include: Paraesthesia : tingling or 'pins and needles' sensations, typically starting in the feet and hands Numbness : reduced sensation in the extremities, which may affect balance and coordination Burning pain : particularly in the feet, often worse at night Weakness : muscle weakness and difficulty walking Balance problems : unsteady gait and increased fall risk due to proprioceptive impairment Cognitive changes : memory problems, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and mood disturbances Haematological signs may accompany neurological symptoms and include fatigue, weakness, pallor, and shortness of breath due to megaloblastic anaemia
Lycopene is an antioxidant that shields the sperm cells from damage by combating free radicals
nonparameter variables were analyzed by MannWhitney test
We recruited a larger sample size (n = 19) for a 25% loss follow-up
The vitamin B complex injection contains a combination of B-group vitamins including thiamine (B1), riboflavin (B2 as riboflavin-5-phosphate), nicotinamide (B3), dexpanthenol (pro-vitamin B5), and pyridoxine (B6)