Notably, many factors associated with ferroptosis, a form of cell death implicated in radiation-induced brain damage, have been identified as NRF2 target genes [33]
When combined with radiotherapy and PD-1 blockade, these nanoparticles promote CD8+ T cell infiltration and activate antitumor immune responses, demonstrating the potential of metal-based nanoplatforms to synergize with multiple therapeutic modalities (57) ( Figure 2 )
Serum folate reflects short-term changes in diet and may be altered by recent meals, so fasting for about six hours beforehand is required, and repeated testing is needed to identify true deficiency
Under physiological conditions, endogenous enzymes convert superoxide into hydrogen peroxide
Its short sequence Gly-His-Lys binds Cu2+ ions with exceptional affinity through the histidine imidazole ring and the terminal amine, forming the characteristic blue complex